Avascular Necrosis (AVN) and Joint Preservation Guide by Dr. Prasoon Shamshery
Avascular Necrosis (AVN), also known as osteonecrosis, is a serious orthopedic condition that occurs when there is a loss of blood supply to the bone, leading to bone tissue death. If not diagnosed and treated early, AVN can result in the collapse of the affected bone and irreversible joint damage, often requiring joint replacement surgery.
As a highly experienced Orthopaedic and Joint Replacement Specialist in Lucknow, Dr. Prasoon Shamshery emphasizes the importance of early detection and joint preservation strategies to delay or even avoid joint replacement, especially in young and active individuals.
What Is Avascular Necrosis (AVN)?
Avascular necrosis refers to the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood flow. The condition most commonly affects the hip joint but can also involve the knees, shoulders, and ankles. Without proper blood circulation, the bone weakens and begins to break down, leading to pain, limited mobility, and eventually joint collapse.
Causes and Risk Factors of AVN
Several factors can lead to or increase the risk of AVN, including:
Trauma or Fracture: Injuries that damage blood vessels supplying the bone.
Long-term Steroid Use: A common cause in non-traumatic AVN, especially in autoimmune conditions.
Alcohol Abuse: Chronic alcohol intake interferes with bone health and blood supply.
Medical Conditions: Conditions like sickle cell anemia, lupus, and clotting disorders.
Idiopathic AVN: In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown.
Symptoms of AVN
The early stages of AVN may not show any symptoms. However, as the condition progresses, patients may experience:
Deep, aching joint pain (commonly in the groin, thigh, or buttocks for hip AVN)
Pain with activity and later at rest
Restricted range of motion
Limping or difficulty walking
If you experience persistent joint pain or mobility issues, it’s essential to consult a specialist like Dr. Prasoon Shamshery for timely evaluation.
Diagnosis of AVN
Early diagnosis is crucial to preserve the joint and prevent progression. Diagnostic tools include:
X-rays: May show bone collapse in later stages.
MRI Scans: The most sensitive test to detect early-stage AVN.
CT Scans or Bone Scans: Used in specific cases for detailed imaging.
Joint Preservation Strategies for AVN
The goal of joint preservation is to prevent further bone damage, maintain mobility, and delay the need for joint replacement surgery. Dr. Shamshery uses a combination of non-surgical and surgical techniques based on the stage and severity of AVN.
1. Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatment
Activity Modification: Reducing weight-bearing activities to protect the joint.
Medications: Pain relievers and medications to improve blood flow and bone regeneration.
Bisphosphonates: Used in some cases to slow down bone damage.
Physiotherapy: Helps maintain joint mobility and muscle strength.
Conservative methods are more effective in the early stages of AVN, before the bone has collapsed.
2. Surgical Joint Preservation Techniques
When AVN is detected in the early to mid stages, surgical options to preserve the joint include:
Core Decompression
A minimally invasive procedure that relieves pressure in the bone and improves blood flow. Often combined with bone grafting or biologics to promote healing.
Bone Grafting
Healthy bone tissue is transplanted to the affected area to stimulate new bone growth.
Stem Cell Therapy and Biologics
Emerging treatments that use the body’s natural healing cells to regenerate bone tissue.
Osteotomy
Realigning the bone to shift weight away from the damaged area, suitable in certain cases.
When Is Joint Replacement Necessary?
If AVN is diagnosed in the advanced stage with significant joint collapse and arthritis, total joint replacement (arthroplasty) may be the most effective solution. Dr. Prasoon Shamshery is also an expert in performing hip and knee replacements using advanced, minimally invasive techniques that ensure quicker recovery and long-term success.
Expert Care for AVN in Lucknow
Dr. Prasoon Shamshery combines his expertise in joint preservation and joint replacement to offer personalized treatment plans for AVN. His patient-centric approach focuses on:
Accurate diagnosis
Preserving the joint whenever possible
Minimally invasive interventions
Educating patients about long-term joint health
Whether you are at risk of AVN or already experiencing symptoms, early intervention can make a significant difference in outcomes.
Avascular necrosis is a progressive condition, but early detection and proactive treatment can help preserve the joint and delay the need for surgery. If you’re experiencing persistent hip or joint pain, don’t ignore it. Consult Dr. Prasoon Shamshery, Orthopaedic and Joint Replacement Specialist in Lucknow, for expert evaluation and a tailored treatment plan.
Disclaimer: The information provided here should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. The information is provided solely for educational purpose and should not be considered a substitute for medical advice.
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